Part 2-twenty
I figure some of you remember who Arlo Guthrie is and his famous Alice’s Restaurant song from back in the 60’s… And Officer Obie with his 8x10 full color glossy photographs with circles and arrows and a paragraph on the back, to be used as evidence…
Well, I too have evidence, or more accurately stated - observations, and while it’s not glossy I do have spreadsheets of data, one for each tester I have used on the electrical distribution system in my home.
And these testers generate ‘real numbers’, and that is where the difficulty lies.
Are these numbers ‘real’ or just sorta approximations of what is happening? I mean these ASCC measurement devices calculate the ASCC values, which means they aren’t really measuring the actual ASCC values in the first place.
And whats more these 2 devices don’t agree numerically, except in general ways.
Which leaves me with not being able to ‘trust’ the actual numbers displayed by these 2 devices.
And since neither device is ‘calibrate-able’ this means I have no real ‘standard’ or reference to know if the numbers are close, or not.
And it should be noted that the reason the AC10 tester has a range of ASCC readings is because after using the tester, over many many tests, I ‘figured out’ how to generate more useful results. Even so they numbers were ‘spread out’, thus the range of readings. Whereas the CT70 had no such problems and if I were to ignore the low readings from the AC10 the differences tightened up considerably.
But the General AC10 ‘might’ be undergoing an update, or revision, or re-design/re programing, thing… Maybe…
It’s hard to tell because they won’t and aren’t answering my email requests, after they became aware of the ‘discrepancies’.
But I figure I can trust the trends, since I’m seeing all the information pointing in the same direction with roughly the same general degree of change, and given the same testing conditions.
And since the trends from both analyzers agree, this is what I’m going to ‘write up’…
And so first I’ll analyze the spreadsheet data then I’ll draw conclusions and bring up insights with regard to the shifts and changes to the SQ that the different power cables brings out.
What I’m seeing is, as the wire gauge gets larger (smaller AWG #s) the ASCC numbers get bigger.
Which makes sense in that larger gauge wires CAN handle more current than wimpy wires…
But it’s more involved than that, as you might suspect.
My house has post and pillar wiring in it. It’s not grounded, AND it’s polarity is reversed.
So adding my 2 dedicated runs was pretty much a necessity not just for tunes but also my computer.
And my dedicated audio run has 2 locations to test from. One being the end of the run where my amp and dac are plugged in, but there is also what I call my 1st splice location. This is ≈15’ closer to the panel on this ≈ 35’ total romex cable run length.
Which gives me 4 different ac power sources to test using the cables I mentioned in part 1.
And I also have added a ‘stubby’ ac power cable into the mix, which I can use as a ‘reference’ of sorts. Mostly because it’s a 1ft long 14awg cable which tends to minimize the effect of the cable from the tests.
Now imagine all of this data in 2, single page, spread sheets.
It’s a bit bigger than I can easily show here.
So I’m going to ‘analyze’ the results of each an ac power source separately and present that analysis. And I’ll add 2 graphics of the relevant data from the spread sheet (one from each device), for each ac power source.
Think of it as show and tell without the circles and arrows, and so to make up for those missing pieces I’ll add several more paragraphs… 
So starting with the built in housewiring (post and pillar), I used only a few cables since the numbers were very low and didn’t really change much regardless of what cables I used.
So to start I’ll explain what your seeing and what is of ‘significance’ will follow.
The Extech CT70

The General CA10

Now the first thing to notice is what is being measured as listed on the left side of each graphic. We have AC Volts and Voltage Drop and Impedance and then the ASCC results, (top to bottom).
Across the top are the conditions (what ac source was being tested along with which power cable was used).
Also note the colors,
The yellow means really low numbers for that measurement.
The dark background means a ‘problem’ of some sort.
And note that for this set of tests I only used 3 cables.
The reference stubby, my best DIY cable, and the appliance cord.
Now if you pay attention to the ASCC results generated by the General AC10 device, you’ll notice the range of instantaneous current delivery starts at 200amps and ranges up to 225amps.
Likewise the Extech CT70 runs from 0.26kA to 0.42kA (260amps to 420amps)
And also notice that the Extech ASCC readings shows two numbers separated by a /. This is because this device can measure ASCC in 2 ways, using only the neutral line or both the neutral and the ground return lines together. This usually means the second number is greater than the first since the ground and neutral lines run parallel, which lowers their impedance, and thus the CT70 calculates a greater ASCC value.
This is verified when the ground is missing (the post and pillar ac sourced measurements) and the second reading is only 10amps different (the limit of the resolution of the tester). Whereas the bathroom GFCI is grounded and so the second reading takes a significant jump up.
So a simple numerical analysis is the % change (the range) from lowest to highest as the power cables were changed
The AC10 measured the post and pillar source as 200/220 which is ≈ a 10% increase
&
And it measured the bathroom GFCI ac source as 200/225 which is ≈ a 12% increase
And the CT70 measured the post and pillar source as 0.27/0.30 which is ≈ 10% increase
&
And it measured the bathroom GFCI ac source as 0.26/0.31 which is ≈ 18% increase
Note: I’m only using the readings of the neutral as the only return (not both neutral and ground) to match the way the AC10 measures ASCC for this comparison.
So for the worst ac feeds in my house the increase in ASCC numbers only reaches ≈ 10% as I use larger gauge power cables that feed the tester. And then when I use the bathroom gfci source, the readings nearly double (18%).
The trends of note start with the AppCord (the lowest ASCC readings) and then the highest ASCC readings belongs to the reference stubby cable, with the DIY cable in the middle.
This trend will be repeated.
Now take a look at the voltage drop numbers.
These devices calculate the voltage drop of the line voltage using a simulation of a 12, or 15, or 20amp load on the ac source the device is plugged into.
And the general rule is, there should be less than a 5% drop in line voltage. If the Vd % is greater than 5% there is a ‘problem’ with the circuit, by todays standards.
You’ll note that all of the readings exceed 5% and some even exceed 10%.
That’s what post and pillar wiring delivers, and it should be noted these are fairly short runs of no more than 50’ max.
Now we’ll examine the dedicated computer ac power feed.
It’s basically a 35’ extension cable (stranded, not solid 14AWG 3 cond), hardwired into a breaker in the panel with a dbl duplex box on the other end. And all of my computer equipment runs off of this dedicated run.
Nothing really fancy at all.
The General CA10

The Extech CT70

And again I’m using the same 3 power cables for this series of tests on this ac source.
And as you can see even this change results in just about all numbers either doubling (or more) or being cut in half (Vd %)
And the same trend is quite apparent here, namely as the gauge of the power cable gets smaller (the conductors get bigger) the ASCC results approach the reference ’stubby’ cables numbers. Which makes sense as you’d expect to see greater current delivery, using larger conductors.
So the same simple numerical analysis is the % change (the range) from lowest to highest ASCC #’s.
The AC10 measured the computer feed ac source as 400/520 which is ≈ a 30% increase
And the CT70 measured the computer feed ac source as 0.48/0.73 which is ≈ a 50% increase
And the trends are still holding
Also note the highlighted numbers that the CT70 generates for the stubby cable on this ac source.
As we’ll see those are excellent numbers regardless of ac source.
Also note the differences between the reference Stubby and the AppCord in terms of the impedance (Z-L) listed for the ‘hot’ conductor remain. But also note the resistance amount in Ω’s has dropped from the standard house wiring we looked at above. My hunch is, that large of a resistance reading is heavily masking other readings.
But with a decent ac source, the power cable we use with each tester becomes more of a factor in influencing the readings we are interested in.
IOW as the ac source is more robust the limitations of the power cable(s) become more apparent.
This trend will be repeated as well.
And also note the magnitude of the ASCC numbers now.
These are all 20 amp rated circuits and they are being tested while operating equipment (there is an existing load).
So on the post and pillar circuits we saw readings of ≈ 200 or 300 amps (depending on the testing device) being able to be delivered to the plug in the wall.
Then using a 14/3 ‘extension cable’ the current jumps up to ≈ 500 or 700 amps (depending on the testing device)
So using 250 (200+300/2) amps as a mid number x 120volts is 30K watts
And 600 (500+700/2) amps as a mid number x 120 volts is 72Kwatts
This means the instantaneous power delivery as increased ≈ 240%
And we haven’t even started on the audio run yet.
That’s next…
JJ