Well, good question. It is, in the same way as the MKII FPGA, at its core, a fancy upsampler and Sigma Delta converter. I assume most of you remember that’s what the MKII FPGA did: takes in PCM or DSD, upsamples it (in the case of the MKII) to 50 bit PCM and then runs that through a SDM to output DSD256. In the PureStream it is the same basic architecture but with a few important differences. Instead of generating a longer PCM "word” (which the MKII did because that’s how the volume control worked without loss), we skip all that processing and go right to a double speed upscaler that is running at double speed, 22mHz, and then into the SDM, outputting DSD512.
There’s a lot more nuance to it, but maybe it’s simplest to say that because we have taken a different course with the PMG—installing an analog stepped attenuator at the output instead of digital manipulation of the bits to achieve the various levels desired—we get a cleaner, lower noise signal.
Also, another feature of the PureStream is isolation and reclocking. When you look inside the PMG you’ll see the PureStream engine is housed in its own metal shield instead of sitting out in the open. This module approach helps maintain the necessary isolation between the galvanically isolated inputs and the last stage, the 64 step sequencer. Think of it as the PureStream module sitting all by itself with its own isolated power supply and isolated clock inside a quiet room.
The output of the PureStream Engine is also isolated so once it leaves its little quiet den, it’s in pretty beautiful shape and connects to the analog board where it is then recolcked again (that’s the Digital Lens part). At this point it is really clean, pure DSD running at 22mHz (DSD512).
BTW, on the PMG front panel touch screen, you can select the speed: DSD512, DSD256, and DSD 128. Each sound different and that’s where you can adjust sonics for synergy in your system. I prefer 512, but Brunhaver, in his system, goes with 256. In any case, you have a choice to fool around with. Also, there is a choice in the sequencer section two: Round Robin or or full 64 step sequencing: each sounding a bit different too. I prefer the RR setting as in my system it gives an amazing improvement to layering of the image. On the FR30s, it’s just orgasmic when you click that in. Stunning, actually (though the S/N ratio gets a bit worse by a few dB but who cares?).
Hope this gives you some insight.